By Dai Bingguo
BEIJING, Dec.30 -- More than 30 years ago, the
great statesmen of China and the United States used the small ping-pong ball for
a big undertaking: The resumption of contact between the two countries. The ship
of China-U.S. relations, moored for so long, again set sail, braving the wind
and waves.
Today, NBA player Yao Ming has become a star popular
among the people of both countries. From the ping-pong ball to the basketball,
it is not just a change in diameter. Rather, it reflects the enormous progress
in depth and breadth of China-U.S. relations over the short span of 30 years.
Again more than 30 years ago, before Dr Henry
Kissinger's secret visit to China, it seemed to many people that our mutual
estrangement would continue forever.
It is said that when a British journalist filed the
news of Dr Kissinger's secret mission to China to his editor in London, the
editor convinced himself that the journalist must be drunk. How could Kissinger
go to China? He threw this news story into the wastepaper basket without a
second thought. Dr. Kissinger's visit was followed by that of then president
Richard M. Nixon.
Later on, Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping came to the
United States. On Jan 1 1979, our two countries established formal diplomatic
relations and ushered in a new era of exchange and cooperation.
In the short span of 30 years, with the joint efforts
of several generations of Chinese leaders, seven U.S. presidents and people in
both countries, the ship of China-U.S. relations has forged ahead, come rain or
shine. It has brought tremendous benefits to our two peoples and contributed
greatly to world peace and development.
Both the 1.3 billion Chinese and the 300 million
Americans feel happy to see that our exchanges at the top and other levels are
becoming more and more frequent. Years ago, our top leaders could hardly meet
once in several years. Yet during President Gorge W. Bush's presidency, our top
leaders have met several times a year.
There are now more than 60 dialogue and cooperation
mechanisms between our two countries, in particular the Strategic Economic
Dialogue and the Strategic Dialogue. These two mechanisms have provided an
important platform for expanding and deepening dialogue and cooperation between
us at the strategic level.
Our two countries have common views on more and more
strategic issues. Exchanges and mutual understanding between our two countries
in the past 30 years have reached breadth and depth never seen before. Our
understanding of the changing world, of each other and of our relationship has
deepened substantially.
Our strategic mutual trust has grown and we have
become wiser and more rational in handling various issues. China and the United
States shoulder important responsibilities for world peace and stability. We
should live in amity, not enmity. We should engage in cooperation, not
confrontation. This has increasingly become the shared view of people from
various walks of life in both countries.
The common interests linking our two countries have
grown. China-U.S. relationship today has gained stronger domestic support and
assumed greater global significance. It has become an invaluable asset of both
peoples. We have worked together bilaterally and on multilateral occasions, from
political and security issues to economic and financial issues, from regional
hotspots to transnational challenges.
One can hardly find any issue on which we do not
cooperate. The two-way trade volume has surged from $2.4 billion in the early
days of diplomatic relations to more than $300 billion today, an increase of
over 120 times.
The two sides have conducted fruitful exchanges and
coordination on regional hotspot issues and global issues such as
counter-terrorism, non-proliferation and addressing the ongoing financial crisis
and climate change. Such cooperation serves as a new underpinning of our
bilateral relations.
The friendly ties between people of our two countries
have become more solid. More than 5,000 people travel across the Pacific Ocean
every day. When President Nixon visited China, it was even difficult for us to
find a U.S. song.
Today, there are many Chinese fans of different
styles of U.S. music. Hollywood movies like Mulan and Kung Fu Panda are quite
popular in China. The American people also love Chinese culture. It is said that
there are thousands of schools in the United States teaching young Americans the
language of Confucius. Our two countries also assisted each other in times of
natural disasters.
Over the past 30 years, China and the United States
have become more interdependent. Niall Ferguson, a famous economic historian,
coined a new word, Chimerica, to describe the close ties between our two
countries.
I would like to highlight that it was a Republican
administration that opened the door to China and it was a Democratic
administration that entered into diplomatic ties with China. During the Clinton
administration, our two countries reached agreement on China's accession to the
WTO. During the Bush administration, we have become not only stakeholders but
also constructive partners.
The tremendous progress in our relations is beyond
the wildest imagination 30 years ago.
History is the best teacher. The 30-year history of
China-U.S. relations offers us many valuable lessons. I believe it is important
that we correctly understand each other's strategic role. What has happened in
the past 30 years proves that China and the United States are partners rather
than rivals, still less enemies. China-U.S. relationship is not a zero-sum game
but a win-win relationship.
We must view and handle China-U.S. relations from a
strategic height and a long-term perspective. We must firmly uphold and advance
our common interests and expand cooperation.
We must continue to perceive each other's development
and judge each other's strategic intention in a level-headed and objective way
and increase strategic mutual trust. We must respect and accommodate each
other's core interests and major concerns, and fully appreciate and respect each
other's choice of political system and development model.
We must adhere to the principle of non-interference
in each other's internal affairs. In particular, we must handle properly the
Taiwan question, the most important and sensitive issue in our bilateral
relations. We must continue to improve institutional support for candid,
in-depth and timely communication and cooperation and foster a sound media
environment and build stronger public support for our relations.
I come from a poor mountainous village in Guizhou
province. I plowed farmland and herded cattle on the hills. In my childhood, I
dreamed of leaving the mountains one day. It is the founding of the New China,
its development and, in particular, its reform and opening up that have given me
the opportunity to see the outside world.
As every American has an American dream, so does
every Chinese. It is reform and opening up that have given hundreds of millions
of Chinese people more opportunities to fulfill their dreams.
The Chinese people embarked on the historic journey
of reform and opening up and the modernization drive about the same time our two
countries established diplomatic relations. With 30 years of painstaking
efforts, we have scored great achievements that have been recognized worldwide.
Since China successfully hosted the Beijing Olympic
Games this year, the world has paid more attention to us and shown a keener
interest in China's long-term strategic intention and the direction of China's
development. The so-called strategic intention of China is in fact not as
complex or unfathomable as some people may think. They suspect that we have
deeply hidden ambitions.
I can tell you in a responsible way that we Chinese
have no secret schemes, only open plans, no wild ambitions, only goodwill. Our
goal, to put it in one word, is development. That is to say, after ensuring
adequate food and clothing for the 1.3 billion Chinese people, we will enable
them to live a moderately prosperous life so that the Chinese nation which has
gone through so many trials and tribulations will stand rock firm in the family
of nations. This is our dream.
Hosting the Olympic Games has not "pushed China to
the heaven at a single stroke", so to speak. China remains a developing country
in every sense of the term. A few days ago, I received a photo of my junior high
school classmates, and half of my 52 classmates have already passed away. Why
so? Because ours is still a developing country. Of my five brothers and sisters,
the three in the countryside have all passed away. Why? Because ours is still a
developing country. China is large in population but still weak in economy. For
a country like ours, no matter how great our financial and material strength may
be, when divided by 1.3 billion, it will result in a very small per capita
figure.
The number of people with a disability in China
stands at 84 million, 20 million more than the total population of France. Each
year, we need to provide employment to 24 million people. There are over 10
million people living in abject poverty. In addition, this year more than 10
million people were directly affected by the massive earthquake in Sichuan. Just
imagine, what a complicated, gigantic and daunting challenge it must be to meet
even the basic needs of the over 100 million disadvantaged people and enable
them to live a decent life. For these reasons, there is still a long way to go
before China can truly become prosperous and strong. So far, we have only
completed the first few steps in this long march.
China's development has brought opportunities for
prosperity, development and cooperation to all countries, including the United
States, and China is an important stabilizing force for gradual and orderly
changes in the international system.
By proceeding from our own conditions while keeping
pace with the changing times over the past 30 years, we have found a development
path that not only fits China but also benefits people of the whole world. Our
5,000-year civilization has given us the will and wisdom to pursue harmony,
amity and peaceful development.
China is a country that has goodwill toward the
world, acts in a responsible manner, respects others but never allows itself to
be bullied. China has been promoting socialist democracy in light of its
national conditions and values, respects and protects human rights. Despite
numerous challenges ahead, China will remain open to new ideas and committed to
reform and opening up.
We are eager to learn from others and seek to live in
equality and harmony with other countries with a view to achieving mutual
benefit and common development. We pursue peaceful development and treat others
with an open heart. Countries across the world can develop relations with us
with ease and confidence. Of course, we are not perfect. We welcome all
well-intentioned criticisms and suggestions. We are confident in reaching our
goal despite all difficulties.
We have come to realize through our experience over
the past 30 years that time has changed and all countries can achieve win-win
progress through international cooperation. Gone are the days when one could use
wars to transform the international system and order. The Cold War mentality and
zero-sum logic should be regarded as irrelevant and outdated. It is not right to
believe that "if you live, I will die; if you win, I will lose; if you rise, I
will fall and if you are safe, I am in danger."
You may then ask how China should translate its dream
of development into reality. Let me say that we will achieve development through
continuous reform and improvement of our institutions, through hard work,
creativity and initiative of the Chinese people, and through scientific
development. In the meantime, we will work to build durable friendship and carry
out equal and mutually-beneficial cooperation with the United States and the
rest of the world.
Through these measures, we will enable the Chinese
people, who make up over one-fifth of the world's population, to eradicate
poverty and lead a comfortable life. The Chinese people will then live and work
in contentment and harmony and China will enjoy balanced progress in the
political, economic and social fields and harmony between man and nature.
By highlighting our focus on development, I do not
mean to say that China will shy away from its international obligations and
responsibilities. In fact, making a prosperous life possible for the 1.3 billion
Chinese people is in itself China's biggest contribution to humanity. In the
meantime, China is taking up more and more international responsibilities and
obligations commensurate with its strength and status.
In a world of growing interdependence, China's future
and destiny are increasingly tied to those of the world. We should all live in
harmony, share benefits and responsibilities and work for win-win progress. This
is in the best interest of everyone. Being selfish and showing no regard for
others will feed resentment and harm oneself as well as others.
The world today is undergoing major transformation
and adjustment. As globalization and the application of information technology
gain momentum and science and technology advance by leaps and bounds, the world
is getting smaller and smaller and becoming a "global village". However, our
common interests are getting bigger and bigger and the need for
mutually-beneficial cooperation is getting stronger and stronger.
No country can tackle all the challenges and problems
alone. The interdependence and the interconnection of interests among countries
are unprecedented, gradually forming what some have called "a community of
destiny" in which nobody can live without others. This has been borne out once
again by the once-in-a-century financial crisis that we are going through.
To sum up, the profound changes in the world call for
a more open mind and major reform in various areas. It's no longer workable to
think about or handle the problems of the 21st century with the Cold War
mentality of the 20th century.
Harmony, coordination and cooperation, mutual benefit
and common progress should and must be the common choice of all countries. A
foreign diplomat once said that today, as a result of globalization, we no
longer travel in different ships. Rather we are all traveling in the same ship,
which we call the "Earth Spaceship," and our destiny hinges upon the inherent
power of the ship. I believe that, as we are in the same ship, we rise and fall
together. It does not make any sense not to pull together. Nor does it make any
sense to stick to those concepts, policies and practices that can only lead to
conflict, confrontation and even war.
China is the largest developing country and the
United States is the largest developed country. It is all the more important for
us to see each other as partners rather than rivals. It is all the more
important for us to strengthen dialogue, coordination and cooperation. And it is
all the more important for us to work sincerely together with all other
countries and people to overcome the difficulties and challenges we face and
create a better future for humanity.
China-US relations are now at a new historical point.
We have every reason and responsibility to jointly promote greater and better
growth of the relationship in the next 30 years and beyond. This way, we will
bring more and bigger benefits to the people of our two countries and the entire
humanity.
To realize greater growth of China-U.S. relations, it
is essential for China and the United States to show mutual respect, treat each
other as equals and keep to the direction of building constructive and
cooperative China-U.S. relationship. We look forward to working with the incoming
US administration to keep to this direction of our relations and constantly move
them forward. This is in the interest of not only the Chinese and American
people, but also people across the world.
To realize greater growth of China-U.S. relations,
the immediate task is to achieve a smooth transition in the relationship and
save it from fluctuating with the change of administration in the United States
as has happened in the past. We must ensure that it gets off to a good and
smooth start and continues to forge ahead from the new starting point.
To realize greater growth of China-U.S. relations,
the most urgent item on the agenda is to strengthen macroeconomic and financial
policy coordination, work together to address the international financial crisis
and oppose all forms of trade protectionism or any attempt to politicize
economic and trade issues.
To realize greater growth of China-U.S. relations,
the key link is to handle well issues involving each other's core interests and
maintain and develop the strategic underpinning of our cooperation. Taiwan and
Tibet-related issues concern China's core interests. The Chinese people have an
unshakable determination to defend our core interests.
To realize greater growth of China-U.S. relations,
the fundamental approach is to enhance strategic dialogue and communication,
expand strategic consensus, build strategic mutual trust, promote strategic
cooperation and identify new areas of China-US cooperation.
To realize greater growth of China-U.S. relations,
the most important foundation lies in enhanced mutual understanding between our
two countries and peoples and stronger goodwill and friendship toward each
other. We should encourage more and more people to devote themselves to China-US
friendship so that our friendly ties will be carried forward from generation to
generation and enjoy solid public support.
Reviewing the past and looking ahead to the future,
we feel indebted to the courageous and hard-working ice-breakers who opened
China-U.S. relations. More importantly, we need wise and brave sailors who can
take our relations forward.
Let us join hands to ride the wind and waves, raise
the sail of friendship and cooperation and steer the ship of China-US relations
in the direction of constructive cooperation so that it will move toward a
better future. We should build between China and the United States, two big
countries with different social systems and cultures and at different levels of
development, a new type of relationship featuring harmony and common development
in the 21st century. Can we achieve this? The answer should be an emphatic "Yes,
we can!"
The writer is State Councilor of the People's
Republic of China
This is a speech made by the author at the dinner
marking the 30th anniversary of establishment of China-U.S. diplomatic relations
hosted by the Brookings Institute on Dec 11.
(Source: China Daily)
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